Guerra e revolução em Weber e Trotski: política imperialista e internacionalismo marxista no contexto da Primeira Guerra Mundial

Abstract

Max Weber and Leon Trotsky lived and acted politically in the context of the First World War, leaving a rich collection of writings and speeches, little known today . We seek to recover these materials, linking them to the period in which they were produced, the transition from capitalism to its imperialist stage, and the existing debates at the time, in which both war and revolution were palpable prospects. Through intensive research of the authors' works and their main commentators , we reconstruct the overall picture of the time, with their dilemmas, and the personal trajectory of the authors, emphasizing the contrast in the face of war between a bourgeois nationalist attitude and an internationalist and proletarian one. Max Weber, besides the well-known sociologist, was an authentic German imperialist, whose historical view commonly judged as one of pessimistic resignation, did not prevent him taking a strong stance in defense and promotion of the war. At the same time, sought to present its own vision, more objective and balanced of what should the German war aims be. Trostki was all his life a revolutionary linked to the working class. Faced the war as a catastrophe that showed the historical limits of capitalism, offering humanity the international socialist revolution perspective as a concrete possibility to end all wars