O adolescente e a violência: uma análise da configuração de sentidos do adolescente sobre o fenômeno da violência

Abstract

This research belongs to the Adolescent Center of Studies and Research: Conceptions and Emergent Questions- NACQUE, which is part of the Post-Graduation Program of Studies in Social Psychology of PUC-SP, that analyzes the brazilian adolescent in specific contexts, preventing a universal concept of the adolescence period. The target of this work is to analyze the meaning of the violence among adolescents, considering specific social situations - Two adolescents that belong to a lower class (one of them is being assisted by the Social and Educational System of Assisted Freedom and the other one that is in a situation of social vulnerability) and another adolescent that belongs to the middle class - composing extremely different universes, if we compare their daily routines, since they represent diverge social segments. Using the results obtained with the interviews that had recovered part of individual histories of each one of the adolescents, search in its subtexts, the meaning that they attribute to the violence phenomenon, from the perspective of the social-historical psychology, based on the Vigotski's theory, that comprehends the man historically inserted in the culture. The interviews and their subsequent individual analyses make possible to apprehend how each citizen lives the nuances of the violence, under the view of bis own practices and experiences and also while spectator of an urban scene marked by the social difference. They come close in some moments, even getting to an agreed opinion about violent attitudes and behaviours. On the other hand, both adolescents from the lower class differ to the middle-classed adolescent in what refers to the production of senses about the violence. The former one just behaves as a spectator of this urban violence. All of them are characters who help the understanding of the concept of violence, putting in evidence the discussion about urban criminality,in the role of responsibles for it and/or victims and also as spectators of the daily life. Considering that the senses attributed to the same phenomenon are profoundly heterogeneous, the difference occurs when they pass through facts or situations that, as soon as internalized, are immediately converted into needs and motives, affecting the ways (and practices) of living of each citizen. In this way, to analyze the violence under each adolescent's point of view, as they live and attends to these violent events, enables the process of rethinking the intervencional practices applied to this population, considering the; historical, social, individual and political aspects