Análise do transporte coletivo urbano sob a ótica dos riscos e carências sociais

Abstract

This study is concerned with the analysis of transportation in the urban the city of São Paulo, under the social risks and deprivations approach. The social inequality arises from a lot of factors as (1) the economics performance, (2) the socioeconomic conditions of the distinct population that inhabit the city, (3) the urban distribution, mostly the spatial abysm among the dwelling places, the socioeconomic activities and the public infrastructure as hospitals, schools etc and (4) the transportation attendance in the various regions of the city, mainly the public urban transportation. The quality of attendance of the urban transportation to the different population, on the other hand, depends on: (1) the number of available lines, (2) the frequency and destination of these lines, (3) the needs of displacement of these population and (4) the cost of the urban transportation relate to the income of these population. The quality and the accessibility to the urban transportation are subjects often studied in the fields of Transportation Engineering and Urbanism in the last few years. At the same time, in Social Service and Social Sciences areas, many works have sought to identify the spatiality of the social inequality, making use of concepts as: poverty line, social inclusion/exclusion, social vulnerability etc. From understanding the factors that compose the urban transportation universe and its social risks and deprivations we developed a methodology that allowed us to compare these two universes. As a final result of this work we have: (1) a methodology for the analysis of transportation variables that permits the comparison of these variables to socioeconomic variables as social vulnerability and social inclusion/exclusion; (2) the comparison of the social inequality spatiality to the urban transportation attendance spatiality, allowing us to identify, to the regions of greatest social deprivations in the city of São Paulo, the level of the urban transportation attendance, and to assess if the existing urban transportation system is quelling social deprivations or not