Efeitos da orientação familiar sobre o estresse parental: uma revisão de pesquisas aplicadas

Abstract

The importance of parental guidance has been demonstrated through several studies whose results point to improvements in individuals with ASD who are subject to this guidance. Research is also important that, in addition to demonstrating concern for individuals with ASD, can assess and intervene in the health of family members who receive parental guidance, reducing parental stress. The present study was a literature review of applied research with the aim of evaluating the effects of parental guidance on the stress of parents of individuals with ASD. Sixteen applied studies were selected. A total of 19 instruments were found that measured stress, depression, anxiety, self-efficacy and quality of family life in the 16 studies. As a result, in 12 studies parental stress decreased after parental guidance, in two studies it decreased in part of the measure used and in two other studies the level was maintained. It was possible to visualize that most studies focused on disruptive behaviors and most of those responsible for teaching were mothers. In addition, most individuals with ASD were children and most of the guidelines focused on the face-to-face format and on the individual and group environment, in a mixed way. Most of the strategies used were resources related to oral explanations about behavioral concepts and principles and many mixed with role-play and dramatizations. The vast majority of studies used the measure before and after, although none of them used the measure to select goals in parental guidance. The most used measure in the studies was the Pareting Stress Index and the results showed few studies that presented data related to the maintenance of behaviors and none that presented data related to generalization